Hops, Bitterness, IBU & Perception

I'm going to go off on a little ramble here for today on a topic that has been covered by many a beer writer before me and will continue to be a topic long after and that is on hops, or more specifically, the perception of what people might describe as "hoppy"

I have to assume that almost everyone reading this is in some way familiar with what a hop is but just in case I will quickly explain. Beer needs hops for two reasons.

Firstly to counteract the residual sugar that did not ferment. Without hops, beer would be rather sweet and as a result a little stomach churning after a few.

The second and perhaps most important reason for adding hops is that they are a natural preservative. Adding more hops to a beer usually means it lasts longer, though with all the hop heads (me included) the opposite is true. The more hops, the more we want to drink so the beer does not last all that long but you get what I mean.
Of course hops are a relatively new development in beers several thousand year history. Hops have only been a staple ingredient in beer for a few hundred years. Before that, different plants were used to bitter the beer such as heather. Just a little bit if useless info, Hops are related to Cannabis but you can't get high off them.

Anyway moving swiftly along to the point of todays write up. Hoppiness (or happiness for some). Read any beer blog or review site like Beer Advocate and Ratebeer and you will see many beers referred to as "hoppy" but what is hoppy? Well it can mean many things but it seems that among many American beer lovers the word "hoppy" means that it smells and tastes like grapefruit and pine which is what you get from Pacific Northwest hops like Cascade and Amarillo etc. Don't get me wrong, they are fantastic hops and I love my American IPA's but often I am bemused to read a description of a beer (lets say an English Pale Ale or IPA) and am warned that the beer is not hoppy at all or there are almost no hops.... I read the ingredients of the beer (if available on the brewers website) and see there are no American "C" hops, in other words no pine or grapefruit. The fact is, the beer in question might have far more hops than an average American Pale Ale but because it does not have the expected aroma, it means it is not hoppy at all. It might also be far more bitter than the equivalent pale ale.

This brings us on to IBU and Perception. Again, if you don't know what IBU is then I will summarise. IBU = International Bittering Unit . It is the unit of measurement we use to tell how bitter a beer is going to be. Let me give you an example. One of the most popular beers in the US is Sierra Nevada Pale Ale. This has an IBU of 37 which is sort of mid range. Since the finishing hop is Cascade, you get the grapefruit and pine you expect from an American Pale Ale.

A poll on a website* (don't remember which but fuggled mentioned it) posed the question, which is more hoppy (perhaps more bitter)? Sierra Nevada or Pilsner Urquel (Czech Lager). Needless to say that Sierra Nevada was the hands down winner of the poll. Also needless to say is that everyone who voted for Sierra Nevada was wrong. Pilsner Urquel (bog standard mass produced lager) has an IBU of 40 making it 3 IBU higher than Sierra Nevada. The problem is, it has no grapefruit or pine, no real hop aroma as such but it is more bitter. A simple taste will tell you that, or perhaps not (see perception).

It is also not as clear cut as IBU because we now come to perception. We mere humans can reportedly only taste up to 100 IBU. Anything more is lost on us. I myself have brewed a 106 IBU double IPA and tasted a number of commercial offerings of more than 100 IBU.
Different hops have a different sort of bitterness though. A 100 IBU double IPA of the American style is not all that bitter to be honest. Sure there is a lot more residual sweetness in an double IPA but I find that American C hops have more aroma than true bitterness. I have had many English pale ales that are far more bitter than a 100 IBU American style pale ale and they have far less IBU's behind them.

All that said, this is just me and perception plays a large part. Other people I am sure will see things differently.

Perhaps just remember that if you are describing a beer, please do not just use the word hoppy. Describe it better. Floral? Earthy? Tropical? Citrusy? Ass Juicy???

All of this is my own opinion and therefor subject to being wrong.

*Al from Fuggled reminded me he ran it himself on his site and posted the link.

COMMENTS

BLOGGER: 7
  1. Up until 'ass juicy, I was super-excited about this post, nice not to be a lone voice in the wilderness about such a pointless phrase - so I'll just pretend it wasn't there ; )

    ReplyDelete
  2. I didn't mention the poll, I ran the poll.

    ReplyDelete
  3. http://www.fuggled.net/2010/10/humourless-lupulin-loonies.html

    Forgot to post the link to the post which accompanied it.

    ReplyDelete
  4. I've stopped using "hoppy" and "malty", partly because they're not much good as descriptors but mainly because I'm shit-scared of Melissa.

    I'll happily use "beery" though. Beery's a great way to describe a beer.

    And I think I know what you mean by "Ass Juicy", though I'd be inclined to render it "Ass Juice-y". I've also seen it described as "Sweaty Bottom". It's not necessarily a bad flavour, though maybe that's something I shouldn't admit on a public forum. Except maybe a very specialist sort of public forum.

    ReplyDelete
  5. Al: Post updated with the link. I had thought you ran it but could not be sure if you just talked about it and referred to another poll.

    Melissa: Sorry if I eh.. "Grossed you out" to coin another American phrase. My "that's nasty" filter does not work very well.

    BeerNut: Love "beery" as a description though I don't remember if I have used it. I have used "boozy" and I do still use "malty" although I try and be a little more descriptive if I can. I don't always succeed of course.

    On the "Ass Juice" thing (Look away Melissa :p) I have never actually had a beer that reminded me of that. I really just included it as a pointless phrase. About as pointless as, well.. hoppy?

    ReplyDelete
  6. I'm going to fall in line for support of "ass juicy" which has officially been added to my beer description lexicon. I find myself using the same descriptors over and over which is almost as boring as using blanket terms like "hoppy"

    I think that with hops, the hop variety makes a huge difference in perceived bitterness. Hops high in cohumulene like many American varieties have a much harsher bitterness than a mellow German hop like saaz which Urquel uses. IBU calculations are pretty much an exercise in guessing since alpha acids are so volatile, anyhow.

    ReplyDelete
  7. By ass juicy do mean like a sweaty jock strap? A phrase I have used to describe a friend's homebrew Black IPA.

    ReplyDelete

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stout,2,molsoncoors,1,mongozo,1,Monsieur Rock,1,moor,1,moore beer,1,mór,1,Mother Macs,1,mountain sun,1,mourne mountains,1,moylans,1,Mt Snowdon,1,mullingar,2,multigrain,1,Munster,1,muntons,1,murray's,3,musings,1,myrcenary,1,n17,1,naked pig,1,Nanny State,1,natural selection,1,Navigator,1,nectar,1,Nefiltruotas Raw,1,NEIPA,1,Nen Bangelijke,1,Netherlands,1,never mind the anabolics,2,new belgium,2,new holland,1,new zealand,2,Newmans,1,newton,1,night beacon,1,night of many beers,1,Nitrosurge,1,Noblesse,1,Nøgne Ø,1,Nøgne Ø nogne o,1,northern monk,2,Northmaen,2,nutfest,1,O' Hara's,1,O' Neil's,1,o'byrnes,1,O'Fallon,1,o'hara's,1,O'Hara's IPA,1,O'Hara's Irish Pale Ale,1,O'Haras,6,oak aged,1,oberdorfer. hopf,1,oberon,2,obrother,1,obyrnes,1,odd side ales,1,odell,3,Odells,3,Oerbier Special Reserva,1,of foam and fury,1,Oktoberfest,1,ola dubh,1,old foghorn,1,old nucklehead,1,Old Peculier,1,old scratch,1,old speckled hen,2,old tom strong ale,1,Old Winter Ale,1,olde peninsula,1,opinion,2,Oppigards,1,Optimo Bruno,1,opus II,2,ór,2,origin,1,Orney Amber,1,orval,1,oscar blues,1,osiris,1,oskar blues,1,otley,1,otterbank,1,outcast,1,oxymoron,1,Oyster stout,2,p2,2,pacific blond,1,paddy's brewery,1,paddyfest,1,paella,1,Page 24,1,Pagoa,1,Palo Santo Marron,1,pancake Tuesday,1,panda nero,1,panhead,1,Pannepot reserva,1,paradox,1,paris,3,past master,1,past masters,1,patriot,1,pbr,1,peak xv,1,pensacola,1,perception,1,Perle La Mondiale 2011,1,petaluma,1,Philippines,1,phoenix park,1,phones,1,phuca,1,pick axe,1,piece,1,pier cove porter,1,pilsner,1,pilsner urquell,6,pink killer,1,pints pub,1,pipers gold,1,pisa,1,pliny the elder,2,poachers choice,1,pochs,1,Poechenellekelder,1,poland,2,politics,4,pond hopper,1,port brewing,1,Port McQuarie,1,porter,1,porterhouse,14,portrush,1,Pot Belly,1,prague,1,preview,1,primator dark,1,prize old ale,1,Proclamation Porter,1,proper job,1,prost,1,pubs,1,pure brew,1,pure gold,1,pure ubu,1,purgatory,1,purity,1,purity brewing company,1,push and pull,1,quaff,1,queboid,1,racer 5,1,rader,1,radical brew,1,radikale,1,Raftman,1,Raison D'être,1,rakau,1,random everything ipa,1,random summer sunshine,1,random waffle,1,rant,4,rascal's,1,rascals,3,ratebeer,1,Rauchbier,1,raven,1,Raven Vintage Stout,1,razzamataz,1,rch brewery,1,re-brew,1,reality bytes,1,rebrew,1,recession dinner,1,recipe,1,recycle,1,red ale,1,red eye flight,1,red frog ale,1,red horse,1,red shield,1,redoak,1,renegade,1,revelation cat,1,revolution,1,Reykjavik,1,rhetoric,1,ridgeway,1,Rince Cochon,1,rip tide,1,riptide,1,rising sons,2,road dog,1,roadtrip,1,rochefort,1,Rochefort 10,2,Rodenbach,1,rogue beer,1,róisin,1,rome,1,rooie dop,1,rook and vuur,1,root canal,1,Rosé de Gambrinus,1,rosey nosey,1,round-up,2,roundup,2,ruddles,1,rugby,5,Russian imperial,1,russian river,1,rye river,4,saint bidgets porter,1,saint paul,1,Saint Petersburg,1,saison,2,saison 1900,1,Salthill,1,sam adams,1,Samichlaus,1,samual adams,2,samuel adams,1,samurai rice ale,1,san diego,1,san francisco,2,san sebastian,1,sanda black,1,Santa’s Little Helper,1,sappy,1,saranac,2,sassy red,1,satanic mills,1,saugatuck,2,sawtooth ale,1,scaldy porter,1,Schlapppeseppel,1,Schlenkerla,1,Schneider Weisse,3,Schneider Weisse Tap 4,1,scotland,1,second chance,1,Seeing red,4,Seeing red v2,2,seo,1,septemberfest,1,shady pale,1,shandon century stout,2,sharp's,3,sharps,1,shave or dye,1,sheepshagger,1,shephard neame,2,shepherd neame,2,sheridans,2,shipyard,1,shpherd neame,1,Sierra Nevada,10,Sierra Nevada Anniversary Ale,2,Sierra Nevada Celebration Ale,2,signal,1,Sigtina,1,singapore ipa. esb amber,1,Single Brew Reserve,1,sink the bismark,1,sixex,1,ska brewing,1,skyrim,1,slaters,1,sligo,1,sloop brewing,1,smithwicks,3,smoke jumper,1,smoked baltic porter,1,smoked porter,1,smooth ryed,1,smuggler,1,snake dog,1,sneck lifter,1,snow eater,1,Sorachi ace,1,Sorachi Ale,1,Sotholmon,1,sour beer,1,South Pacific Pale Ale,1,southern pecan,1,southern tier,2,Southwold Dark Ale,1,spain,2,spaten,1,speakeasy brewery,1,speakeasy payback porter,1,Special London ale,1,spelt saison,1,spezial,1,spindrift,1,Spitting Llama,1,Squealing Pig,1,St Bernardus,1,st bernardus 12,1,st eriks,1,St Idesbald,1,St Lupulin,1,st martin,1,St Peter's Cream Stout,1,st stefanus,1,stag saor,1,starr hill,1,stateline,1,Steen Brugge,1,Steep Trail,1,stella artois,1,steve wellington,1,stevens point,2,stewart brewing,1,stinger,1,stone,1,Stone and wood,1,stone barrel,2,stone brewing company,2,stone ruination ipa,1,stonewell,1,stoneybatter,1,story,1,stout,4,stout face off,1,straffe hendrick,1,Streaky,1,stumptown tart,1,sublimely self righteous ale,1,Sullivan's,4,summer,1,Summer IPA,1,summer lightning,1,summerwine,1,sunburnt Irish red,1,suntory,1,supervalu,1,sur amarillo,1,Surger,1,surrender to the void,1,survey,1,sushi,2,sweden,1,Swedish beer,1,sweetwater,1,sweetwater brewery,1,sydney,6,Syvturys,1,t-shirts,1,T' Pakhuis,1,tactical nuclear penguin,1,tally-ho,1,tangle foot,1,Tankovna,1,Tap X,1,tapster,1,taste test,2,tasting,1,tasting session,1,tawny 05,1,tayberry,1,tea,1,teeling,1,tempest,1,temple bar chocolate festival,1,tennesse cider,1,terrible beer,3,tesco,1,thanks to the big boys,2,the banshee,1,the beast,1,the beer moment,1,The Berg,1,The Big Lunch Beer Challenge,1,the black sheep,1,The Brewrey Tap,1,the bruery,1,the end of history,1,the fearless,1,the force,1,the format,1,The Golden Pints Beer Awards 2010,1,The Great divide,3,the haka,1,The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy,1,the Irish giant,1,The Late Night Levy,1,The little Brewing Company,1,the lord nelson,1,The Matt Brewing Company,1,the old stand,1,the oslo,4,the perfect publican,1,The pubs that made us,10,the rev james,1,The Rogue Hop,1,the salthouse,1,the session,42,the white hag,3,theakston,1,Thieving Bastards,1,things done changed,1,third barrel,1,thirsty bear,1,Thornbridge,6,three notched,1,thwaites,3,Thwaites double century,1,Tig Bhric,1,Tig Neachtain,1,timothy taylor,1,tis the saison,1,titan ipa,1,To Øl,3,toast,1,tojo,1,tokyo*,1,tommyknocker,2,Tongerlo,1,toronado,1,torpedo,1,tralee,1,trappist beer,2,Traquair ale,1,Traquair House,1,trashy blonde,1,travel,31,travel notes,1,Treaty City,2,trespass,1,Tripple FFF,1,Trois Pistoles,1,Trouble Brewing,5,truck stop honey,1,tsar,1,tuatara,1,tully's,1,Turbo Yeast Utter Abhorrence from Beyond the Ninth Level of Hades III,1,twiglets,1,twitter,2,two hearted ale,1,Unertl,1,Unibroue,1,untappd,1,Urban Brewing,1,urban jungle,1,urbock,1,valentins,1,vandeoirsprong,1,Vapeur Cochonne,1,ventnor,1,versa,1,vertical tasting,1,very nutty black,1,vg noster,1,victory,1,Victory Golden Monkey,1,victory hop devil,1,victory hop wallop,1,victory storm king,1,video post,3,viginia,1,vin biersel,1,vintage ale,1,Vitesse Noir,1,Vivid Illusions,1,vlog,2,volksfest,1,vrienden,1,Waiheke Island,1,wainwright,1,walled city,1,warrior ipa,1,water shortage,1,waterford,2,website,1,Weihenstephan,1,Weihenstephaner,1,Weißenoher,1,Weisser Bock,1,Wellington,1,wells and youngs,1,Wells Banana bread beer,1,West Cork,1,west kerry brewing,1,western herd,1,westvleteren 12,2,wetherspoons,1,What Ales Ye?,1,what beer means to me,1,what's the matter lagerboy?,1,wheat beer,4,wheat wacker,1,wheat wine,1,Wheaty Goodness,2,whiplash,3,white gypsy,1,white gypsy vintage,1,White Island Wheaten Ale,1,White rabbit,1,white shield,1,whitewater,1,whychwood,1,wicked elf,1,Wickham Tap,1,wicklow brewery,1,wicklow wolf,4,widmer,1,wildcat,1,williams brothers brewery,8,windsor and eton,1,wine,1,winter ale,1,Winter Ales and Cask festival,3,winter lager,1,winter solstice,1,winter specials,1,winter spirit,1,winter warmers,1,Wit,1,witty fella,2,wj kavanagh.,1,wobbly boot,1,woolpack,4,woolpacker,1,wordpress,1,world beer awards,1,world market,1,worlds best beers,1,wort,1,worthingtons,2,wrasslers,1,wrocklaw,2,wynkoop,1,xx bitter,1,xx strong ale,1,yamamori,1,yardsman,2,yellowbelly,2,yeti,1,york,1,young's,2,your local,1,youtube,3,yule ól,1,zero degrees,1,zeus,1,Zlatý Bažant,1,Zunbeltz,1,
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The Tale Of The Ale: Hops, Bitterness, IBU & Perception
Hops, Bitterness, IBU & Perception
The Tale Of The Ale
https://www.taleofale.com/2011/02/hops-bitterness-ibu-perception.html
https://www.taleofale.com/
https://www.taleofale.com/
https://www.taleofale.com/2011/02/hops-bitterness-ibu-perception.html
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